Autori
Iorio, Daniela
Santaeulàlia-Llopis, Raül

Titolo
Education, HIV status and risky sexual behavior: how much does the stage of the HIV epidemic matter?
Periodico
European University Institute of Badia Fiesolana (Fi). Department of Economics - Working papers
Anno: 2016 - Fascicolo: 9 - Pagina iniziale: 1 - Pagina finale: 46

We study the relationship between education and HIV status using nationally representative data from 39 Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) in Sub-Saharan Africa. First, we construct an innovative algorithm that systematically defines aggregate stages of the HIV epidemic in a comparable manner across time and across space. Second, we exploit the variation in the aggregate HIV stages in the DHS data, and find that the education gradient in HIV shows a U-shaped (positive-zero-positive) pattern over the course of the epidemic. Further, educational disparities in the number of extramarital partners are largely consistent with the evolution of the education gradient in HIV. We propose a simple theoretical model of risky sex choices that accounts for these stylized facts.




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