Autori
Fiori, StefanoAmbrosino, AngelaTitolo
How Can Formal Norms Change Informal Norms? Douglass North's Approach to Ideologies and Institutional ChangePeriodico
Università degli studi di Torino. Dip. Di Economia e Statistica Cognetti de Martiis. Working paper seriesAnno:
2017 - Volume:
3 - Fascicolo:
7 - Pagina iniziale:
1 - Pagina finale:
24The paper argues that in North’s theory the reciprocal influence between organizations and institutions, and between informal and formal norms, is interpretable as a continuous alternation of bottom-up
and top-down processes. Bottom-up processes arise from shared beliefs, and they concern how informal norms engender formal norms. Top-down processes explain how formal norms influence informal norms. North does
not exhaustively deal with this latter process, although he provides elements which go in this direction. The
concept of ideology illustrates this problem. It is conceived as the outcome of bottom-up processes whereby
shared interpretations of reality emerge, but not as a tool used by norm entrepreneurs to trigger top-down
processes of change in informal norms. Since formal norms incorporate ideologies, these processes concern how
formal norms give shape to informal norms. The paper suggests that theories of social construction – with
specific attention to legal studies, international relations inquiries, and Schumpeterian approaches – can
integrate North’s view
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